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The Curse of the Black Pearl
ABOUT THE PRODUCTION
 Part 1

This page was created on July 7, 2003
This page was last updated on May 29, 2005


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ABOUT THIS FILM
Click to enlarge15 PIRATES OF THE CARIBBEAN:
The Curse of the Black Pearl

PRODUCTION INFORMATION


For the roguish yet charming Captain Jack Sparrow (JOHNNY DEPP), the crystalline waters of the Caribbean, like the high seas the world over, present a vast playground where adventure and mystery abound. But Jack's idyllic pirate life capsizes after his nemesis, the wily Captain Barbossa (GEOFFREY RUSH), steals his ship, the Black Pearl, and later attacks the town of Port Royal, kidnapping the Governor's (JONATHAN PRYCE) beautiful daughter, Elizabeth Swann (KEIRA KNIGHTLEY). Elizabeth's childhood friend, Will Turner (ORLANDO BLOOM), joins forces with Jack to commandeer the fastest ship in the British fleet, the H.M.S. Interceptor, in a gallant attempt to rescue her and recapture the Black Pearl. The duo and their ragtag crew are pursued by Elizabeth's betrothed, the debonair, ambitious Commodore Norrington (JACK DAVENPORT), aboard the H.M.S. Dauntless. Unbeknownst to Will, a cursed treasure has doomed Barbossa and his crew to live forever as the undead, the moonlight eerily transforming them into living skeletons. The curse they carry can be broken only if the plundered treasure is restored in total and a blood debt repaid.

Against all odds, the Interceptor and Dauntless race toward a thrilling confrontation with Barbossa's pirates on the mysterious Isla de Muerta. At stake is Jack Sparrow's revenge, the Black Pearl, a fortune in forbidden treasure, the lifting of the pirates' curse that has doomed Barbossa and his crew to live forever as skeletons, the fate of the British navy, and the lives of our valiant heroes as they clash their swords in fierce combat against the dreaded Pirates of the Caribbean. From producer Jerry Bruckheimer comes the thrilling live-action adventure, Walt Disney Pictures' "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl," directed by Gore Verbinski. Screenplay by Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio. Screen Story by Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio and Stuart Beattie and Jay Wolpert. Executive Producers are Mike Stenson, Chad Oman, Bruce Hendricks and Paul Deason. The film stars Johnny Depp, Geoffrey Rush, Orlando Bloom, Keira Knightley, Jack Davenport, Kevin R. McNally, Zoe Saldana and Jonathan Pryce. Buena Vista Pictures distributes.

Click to enlargeABOUT THE PRODUCTION

The thrilling tale of a daring rescue mission aimed at reversing an ancient curse, "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl" is an irreverent wink at the famous Disney theme park attraction. When the idea was first presented to the production executives at Disney Studios, they could think of only one producer able to handle the scope and intricacies of such an undertaking. Michael Eisner, Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company, Dick Cook, Chairman of Walt Disney Studios, and Nina Jacobson, President of the Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group, initially approached Jerry Bruckheimer to orchestrate this extravaganza, and Jerry was only too anxious to get underway. He has always wanted to make a motion picture about pirates. "I loved watching pirate pictures as a kid," says Bruckheimer. "'Treasure Island,' 'Captain Blood' and 'The Black Pirate' were some of my favorites. Errol Flynn and Douglas Fairbanks were formidable, and although their movies are still exciting and very watchable today, I thought we could add some extra pizzazz to a popular theme.

"I think we take the swashbuckler genre to a new level," he adds. "This has all the thrills and romance that you would expect from a big adventure." Bruckheimer-who knows better than anyone what it takes to bring 'big adventure' to the big screen-began assembling his team. "We brought in Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, two wonderful writers who created a hit with 'Shrek,'" he continues. "They brought in the element of the supernatural, which gave the story an edge that interested me. Anything I'm interested in seeing, I'm interested in making." A trademark of Jerry Bruckheimer Films productions, writers are involved in every step of the production process. Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio were on set at all times during production.

"The experience Terry and I had is what every single writer dreams of," Ted Elliott says. "For a writer, being on set every day is unheard of. From beginning to end, it was terrific. To be able to talk to the director, the producer, the actors and even someone like the makeup artist, to ask questions and find out why things are done a certain way, was such a wonderful education. It was gratifying to realize the imagination and creativity each crew member put into the movie. From set design to costumes and makeup, seeing the production unfold on set was better than anything we made up and put on paper."

His partner agrees. "Jerry gave Gore such freedom, and Gore was confident enough with his ideas that he had no problem being collaborative," says Terry Rossio. "We just knew the approach we wanted to take; we knew we wanted these characters and these specific moments in the story. We wanted it to be a very classic, Jane Austen-style, bodice-ripping romance.

"Ted and I actually worked very closely with Jerry, Mike Stenson and Chad Oman; they were instrumental in developing the story," recalls Rossio. "Writers don't often have that kind of consistent, involved access to producers, and producers are not necessarily as knowledgeable as these guys are about structure and dialogue."

"This project was charmed from the beginning," says Mike Stenson. "Ted and Terry are the absolute masters of this type of storytelling, and it turned out they had always wanted to do the feature version of 'Pirates.' They even sang the theme song the first time we met."

Elliott and Rossio will tell you that timing is everything. They pitched an idea for a pirate movie almost ten years earlier after completing work on "Aladdin," but there was no interest from any studio. Undeterred, the writing team refused to give up the dream, keeping their concept on a back burner, convinced that the combination of romance, adventure and mystery would one day become popular again.

Actor Johnny Depp was unhesitatingly confident that the writing duo could handle the job and make a childhood dream come true. "Isn't it every boy's dream to be a pirate and get away with basically anything?" Depp asks rhetorically. "Who wouldn want to play a pirate?"

It wasn't purely boyish exuberance that factored into Depp's decision to accept the role of Captain Jack Sparrow; he was wholeheartedly confident in the quality of the project when he learned of Elliott and Rossio's participation. "The second I heard that Ted and Terry were writing the script, I knew we were in good shape," Depp says. "With Jerry's background and Gore's intense focus, I knew the film had strong shoulders to stand on. When I read Ted and Terry's screenplay, I was pleasantly surprised; they'd exceeded my expectations. They brought a great amount of humor to the story and created building blocks for the actors to elaborate, to really stretch the character." With a script in place, Bruckheimer was now on the hunt for a director. "My agent called and said, 'How do you feel about a pirate movie?' I mean, how often are you going to get that call?," recalls Gore Verbinski, who most recently directed "The Ring." Bruckheimer had attempted to hire Verbinski several years earlier, but schedules would not allow. "I had met him early on in his career and thought he was very talented after seeing his commercial reel," says the producer. "But somebody got to him before I could and he went off to make 'Mouse Hunt.'"

"We talked quite a bit over the last few years about trying to find a project to work on together," adds Verbinski. "I am thoroughly entertained by his films. I am there with the popcorn, getting my money's worth every time I go to a Jerry Bruckheimer picture." "We were lucky to sign Gore right before 'The Ring' came out," comments Bruckheimer. "This film is perfect for him because we encouraged him to use his wonderful sense of humor and his great storytelling skills. And because it has elements of the supernatural, Gore got to use lots of visual effects. His enthusiasm is like a little kid's. He loves to work with actors, and actors love him. We were fortunate because he really was the perfect director for this project."

Mike Stenson echoes Bruckheimer's praise. "Gore's combination of visual style, technical expertise and humor made him our first and only choice as a director. He said yes the first meeting as well."

A fan of "Captain Blood," "The Crimson Pirate," "The Black Pirate" and other pirate movies in his younger days, Verbinski was sold on the concept. "There's something rebellious and revolutionary about piracy," he says. "Pirates came out of a time when things were oppressive and people were hung for simply stealing a piece of bread, so what have you got to lose. For me, the film's about breaking the rules, and when it's appropriate to break the rules to get what you want. All the characters ultimately try to obtain their desires through piracy, through the good and the bad aspects of that."

Elliott and Rossio presented Verbinski their outline, and the director liked what he heard. It was the element of the curse in the story that, in Verbinski's words, "was really an opportunity to turn the movie on its head and open it up as a genre. "When I first heard the pitch from Ted and Terry, what I liked about it was that it was a terrific perversion of the classic tale," says Verbinski. "I came in asking, 'What is the standard plot structure? Is it a kidnapping? Is it buried treasure?' When actually, it has all of these qualities, yet the principle one is reversed. It is a film about finding the last piece of treasure and putting it back. Barbossa and his pirates need to return the last piece of cursed treasure so they can feel the pleasures of the flesh-and-blood world. The curse has allowed Barbossa and his pirates to keep the currency and to continue their villainy, but they're not able to enjoy it."

Verbinski began prepping and storyboarding the movie from Elliott and Rossio's outline. "It's no way to prep a movie, especially one that's shot on water," the director laughs. "We just kind of hit the ground running. It was chaos."

***

Casting was the next step for the production.

"We always try to populate our movies with great talent," says Jerry Bruckheimer. "And in this one we were lucky enough to combine respected, well-known veterans with several up-and-coming actors.

Excellence begets excellence, and with every additional actor we signed, the bar just moved higher and higher."

"We have a dream cast," says Verbinski. "It's not often that a director has an opportunity like this. To work with a cast of this caliber on a pirate movie is a chance of a lifetime."

"The way you get an audience to really embrace a movie is to cast against the grain," explains Bruckheimer. "You find someone the audience would never expect to see in a Disney movie.

"I went after Johnny Depp," he says with a knowing grin. "Johnny is an artist who's known to take on quirkier projects. He's a brilliant actor. He's not out to create a fan base for himself, or to simply select work based on salary; it's clear he needs to find a role that gives back to him artistically. I think he also wanted to do something specifically for his kids."

Ironically, Depp's character isn't exactly the kind of guy you'd want your kids to emulate. "Jack Sparrow's the type of character that you enjoy watching steal money from a little old lady," says Verbinski. "He is basically a con man-he's lazy, he's a great pirate, but he is not going to fight if he doesn't have to. He's always going to take a shortcut. I think the big thing for Captain Jack Sparrow is his myth.

He's kind of his own best agent-he markets himself very well."

"Jack Sparrow's a rogue, but he doesn't have a dark heart," adds Orlando Bloom, who plays the role of Will Turner. "He's a man trying to live with integrity."

Depp was attracted by the opportunity to create a totally new character from scratch. "It was a different kind of role for me. It was a great opportunity to invent this pirate from the ground up, to create a different kind of pirate than you have seen before." The filmmakers gave the actor free reign to be creative with the character. "Johnny's known for creating his own characters," says Bruckheimer. "He had a definite vision for Jack Sparrow which is completely unique. We just let him go and he came up with this off-center, yet very shrewd pirate. He can't quite hold his balance, his speech is a bit slurred, so you assume he's either drunk, seasick or he's been on a ship too long. But it's all an act perpetrated for effect. And strange as it seems, it's also part of Captain Jack's charm."

Depp also appreciated the mischievous nature and never-say-die attitude of his character. "In Jack, I saw a guy who was able to run between the raindrops. He can walk across the DMZ, entertain a troop and then sashay back to the other side and tell the enemy another story. He tries to stay on everyone's good side because he's wise enough to know he might need them in the future.

"No matter how bad things got, there was always this sort of bizarre optimism about him," continues the actor. "I also thought there was something beautiful and poignant about the idea of his objective. All he wants is to get his ship back, which represents nothing more than pure freedom to him. Of course he'll thieve and do whatever it takes, especially when the opportunity arises, but his main focus is just to get the Black Pearl back at whatever cost."

"Jack's one mission is to get back his ship," echoes Verbinski. "Again, it's about the simplicity of the character: his great love and his great freedom are his ship. He's not the villain and he's not the love interest, although he does think he's got a chance with Elizabeth. Jack Sparrow is a bit of an oddball. Johnny's character is not unlike Lee Marvin's in 'Cat Ballou.' He really just floats through the story affecting all around him while pursuing his goal."

Depp, who developed his ideas for the character of Jack while reading the script in his sauna, had strong ideas about Jack's attitude and appearance. His inspirations for the character were diverse: Depp says he modeled a large part of the character after legendary Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, added a bit of the cartoon character Pepe Le Pew and tossed in some modern day Rastafarian. "Pirates were the rock stars of their day," says the actor.

"Jack's got little trinkets hanging in his hair, so that was one of the inspirations. I like the idea that each one of these little pieces is a very vivid and extremely important memory for Jack," says Depp.

Still in his thirties, Depp also found himself in the unusual role of elder statesman to his younger costars, who grew up watching the actor in such films as "Cry-Baby," "Edward Scissorhands" and "What's Eating Gilbert Grape."

"I can't say enough good things about Johnny," says Keira Knightley, who plays Elizabeth. "It was a dream, it was a pleasure. I mean, he was wicked. Really cool."

"Johnny is a wonderful human being," says Orlando Bloom. "I would go to him for advice on all sorts of things. I felt really privileged to work so closely with somebody who I've admired from afar throughout his career."

Geoffrey Rush stars opposite Johnny Depp as Jack Sparrow's nemesis, the dastardly Captain Barbossa. An Academy Award® winner heralded for tackling profound characters in momentous projects, Rush enhanced the entire project by taking on the mantle of Barbossa, a scheming brigand with a pompous air, forced to live in a netherworld between human life and skeletal demise.

"We needed an equally accomplished actor to play Johnny's adversary," explains Bruckheimer. "Geoffrey Rush is enormously talented and is known for playing a vast array of characters. We were lucky that he had a break in his schedule and wanted to be part of this project. Geoffrey's Barbossa is the quintessential villain; it's a treat to watch him become the character."

In an effort to find out what makes the wicked Barbossa tick, Rush created a rich backstory for the character as he prepared for the role. "He achieved the position of captain by being a mutinous first mate, and taking over the Black Pearl and claiming it as his own," he says. "I thought, this guy has got to be a crack swordsman, and a very nasty, dirty fighter. He didn't go to finishing school with an épée; he probably had a sword on his belt from the time he was about 13, and he just knew how to hack off heads.

"I think Barbossa is actually quite smart," Rush continues. "That's probably why he's survived, because he used preemptive logic to map out his plans and deceive people. He pretends to be a gentleman of the sea, but he is a dirty old cunning rogue."

Rush speculates that Barbossa may have, at one time early in his life, had "very earnest desires to be a man of the sea. But he realized pretty quickly that you could actually get a lot more if you broke the rules, lied to people, killed a few people and took over. Maybe that's the innate fantasy people have about being a pirate."

Rush and Johnny Depp had similar styles in their approach to the material, and both actors took full advantage of the screenwriters' availability on set. The two actors, unrecognizable to passersby in their pirate garb, spent most of their time between camera set-ups outside the stage door, hashing through scenes with Elliott and Rossio.

Although Depp and Rush had only a handful of scenes with one another during the six-month shoot, it is immediately clear from their interaction that there is a long and sordid history between Jack Sparrow and Barbossa-and a mutual admiration between the actors. "Geoffrey's a very interesting actor, a renegade," says Depp. "I love his work. He never sticks his neck out in quite the same way. He likes to throw ideas out there and try new things, and so do I. This was just as important as any other truly serious, heavy film for Geoffrey; he didn't hold anything back. He's deeply committed, which is one of the reasons I was excited to work with him."

"Jack is probably the pirate that everyone wants to be; he is freewheeling, he is absolutely his own man, he's hilarious-he's like Johnny," comments Rush. "It was extraordinary to watch Johnny create this character. It was such a cool performance, very masterfully done. He is a brilliant actor."

Bruckheimer cast Orlando Bloom in the role of handsome blacksmith Will Turner after meeting him on his film "Black Hawk Down." As "Pirates of the Caribbean" opens, 10-year-old Will is pulled from the Caribbean Sea drifting amidst the murdered crew and burning wreckage of a British ship attacked by pirates. That day, aboard the H.M.S. Dauntless, Elizabeth takes from the unconscious Will a souvenir-a medallion bearing the skull of a pirate's Jolly Roger- hoping to save his life. This event sets the whole story in motion.

"When we first cast him in 'Black Hawk Down,' I knew his time would come," says Bruckheimer. "I just didn't know how lucky we'd be to grab him before all the frenzy started with the two 'Lord of the Rings' films. I actually talked to him about this role while we were on 'Black Hawk' and he thought it sounded like a wonderful character."

Bloom recalls that at a wrap party for the forthcoming film "Ned Kelly," in which he and Geoffrey Rush performed, he had a curious conversation with the Oscar®-winning actor about pirates in Australia. "Geoffrey said he was involved with this movie," says Bloom, "and then I found out Johnny was doing it. I was like, where do I sign?" Bloom saw the film as a way to further open the door to audiences that are still just getting to know him as an actor. He also was enthusiastic about working with Jerry Bruckheimer again. "I'm trying to make smart choices," he acknowledges. "I was already familiar with the way Jerry does business-it's very slick, very tight and he does his best to cover every detail and make sure everything is done the right way. You see the same work ethic in everyone at his company; it's amazing and it's a trait that gives an actor security. This project just had the right elements."

Like Depp, the young actor also saw the role of Turner as a way to fulfill a childhood fantasy. "It's so exciting to work on a pirate movie. It's every boy's dream," he raves. "To actually be living the dream out on the open seas has been great fun."

Although Bloom sees young Will as quite straitlaced at first, "he really does develop. He's very earnest, very true blue-then, without warning, he finds himself thrown into the middle of an exciting yet dangerous adventure. This is a coming of age story for Will."

"Orlando was amazing," Depp asserts. "He probably had the most difficult role in the film because he plays the straight, earnest, uptight character who, in a lot of ways, is the eyes and the ears of the audience. I thought he pulled it off beautifully."

The casting of Depp and Bloom in the roles of Jack and Will, respectively, helped emphasize the interesting dynamic that develops between the characters. "Jack and Will are definitely an odd couple," Jerry Bruckheimer says. "But Will inadvertently learns a lot from spending time with a pirate. Despite Will's best efforts to adhere to the social class structure, he realizes that some rules are meant to be broken."

Orlando Bloom agrees. "Will has grown up without a father figure, so he has to look to the role models around him, and in Port Royal, those are naval officers. When Will and Jack are thrown together, Jack opens Will's eyes to what it means to be a man. He teaches him that he can't just blindly follow nonsensical rules; a man has to make his own decisions, right or wrong, and go after what he wants in life."

Johnny Depp sees the relationship between Jack and Will plainly as "two characters that make a whole."

Both Jack Sparrow and Will Turner change Elizabeth Swann's notions of romance and adventure forever. The daughter of Port Royal's governor, Elizabeth can date her aristocratic lineage back hundreds of years. She is more than a station or two above a simple blacksmith's apprentice. But contrary to her patrician and fairly sheltered upbringing, Elizabeth is no shrinking violet. As actress Keira Knightley is fond of saying, "Elizabeth is a 21st century girl stuck in an 18th century world.

"She is amazing," declares Knightley. "Elizabeth has a modern outlook. She is strong and very independent, and when she's faced with some terrifying obstacles and daunting choices, she kicks ass!"

Bruckheimer and Verbinski took great care in selecting just the right actress for the role of Elizabeth Swann. They considered every imaginable female lead, from famous faces to complete unknowns. But after meeting Knightley, they saw in her that certain something, an indescribable quality that radiated from the 17-year-old, reminiscent of motion picture stars from Hollywood's heyday.

"Obviously we were looking for a beautiful young woman," acknowledges Bruckheimer, "but beauty alone was not enough. Like many of the characters in this film, Elizabeth is complex, and what you see on the surface isn't everything. It was imperative that the actress understood the many facets of her character, not just the love story between Elizabeth and Will."

"As a London girl, it was kind of nice for my first Hollywood experience to be the full Jerry Bruckheimer Hollywood experience," gushes Knightley. "It was incredible. I really enjoyed it." "Keira liked to joke that 'Pirates' was 'a movie about Elizabeth and her boys,'" Bruckheimer laughs. "And to an extent, she's right. Elizabeth has a connection to each of the main male characters, and even finds herself in some pretty precarious situations with a few of Barbossa's henchmen. She's used to getting her way, but she quickly realizes that her usual direct, outspoken approach doesn't work, so she's not averse to using her feminine wiles when she has to; Elizabeth can be quite the little actress when necessary. It was wonderful to watch her work; it seems so effortless. Keira is truly gifted."

"Keira steps into the ring and attacks," says Depp of the actress's approach on set. "She's just as sweet as she can be and has a great sense of humor. Her work is right on the money, totally professional; she's amazing. I was very impressed."

"Elizabeth has a morbid curiosity about pirates," says Verbinski. "She reads too many books on the subject and she's become a sort of pirate groupie. But instead of getting to meet the Jon Bon Jovi of pirates, she ends up with the Sid Vicious, and even though she thinks she knows a lot about pirates, she soon learns that all the rules she believes in are meant to be broken."

Knightley agrees with her director. "She romanticizes the entire pirate thing; it's an obsession really. So it's an interesting transition for Elizabeth to go from her romantic notions to the cutthroat, dirty reality of piracy. But she has a little pirate in herself," Knightley says with a twinkle in her eye. "Don't we all?"

Knightley was disappointed, however, that she never got to undergo sword training like her fencing co-stars. "The one thing I asked for was a sword," she complains with a smile. "I fight with candlesticks, poles, even with a bedpan. but no sword. Nobody gives me a sword!" She adds playfully: "I managed to coax promises from Jerry and Gore that if we do another film together, they will give me a sword." Governor Weatherby Swann, portrayed by veteran actor Jonathan Pryce, has his hands full trying to raise his rather unconventional, bold and sometimes downright audacious daughter. He copes by arranging her marriage to the newly appointed commander of the British Naval Fleet in Port Royal, Commodore Norrington, played by Jack Davenport. "Elizabeth's father expects her to marry someone of her own stature," says Verbinski. "Jonathan Pryce does an excellent job. He's not just the arrogant British governor, he's also the concerned father who's trying to do the best he can for his daughter."

"It's clear I haven't brought her up very well," says Pryce in the regretful voice of his character. "Elizabeth is adventurous and refuses to toe the line, and for some unknown reason, she's very attracted to pirates. Will Turner's prospects aren't very good and I'd be much happier if she married Norrington because she'd have a great future as a commodore's wife." Like many of the actors involved in the film, Pryce was attracted by the script, which he says contained "a good deal of wit and intelligence. a great story," and by the Caribbean location. "I've vacationed here over the years. It's a delight to work in," he says. "And the Golden Age of Piracy happened right here."

Tall, dark and handsome, Jack Davenport is the epitome of the dashing soldier in his role as Commodore Norrington. The English actor has gained a following for his role as Steve Taylor in the popular U.K. comedy series "Coupling." "Jack Davenport really caught the nuance of what it is to conspire to do the right thing, but know that it's not being done under the right circumstances," says Verbinski. "He's actually one of the strongest characters in the movie and also plays the foil in many comedic moments."

Davenport was impressed with the complexities of what could have easily become a stereotypic, onesided character. "Norrington is basically the scourge of piracy in the eastern Caribbean. If you're a pirate and you see me coming, you'd better be scared," he explains. "What I liked about my character was that he wasn't just a snarling English villain. There was more to him than just looking fierce."

Davenport, always quick with a joke, allows, "brocade is hard to make fierce," referring to his costume. "I saw this picture of Johnny with his bandana and dreadlocks. The pirates just looked so cool," he laughs. "I've got this ridiculous garb on; I look like an ice cream."

With the principal actors in place, the filmmakers then rounded out the cast with an assortment of colorful supporting players. During the casting process, it is commonplace for filmmakers to receive many inquiries from agents and managers soliciting work on behalf of their clientele, but in casting a pirate movie, the level of interest seemed to increase exponentially. Casting Barbossa's crew was particularly time consuming and took the filmmakers and casting director Ronna Kress halfway around the world, from Los Angeles to New York to London. "Ronna has a knack not only for finding interesting faces, but for discovering raw talent," says Bruckheimer. "She is meticulous in casting every character and puts the utmost care and effort into even the smallest roles. Ronna's been an invaluable asset on many of our projects and continues to introduce us to promising new actors."

"We got a lot of phone calls," says Verbinski. "We wanted fresh faces because these characters give a richness to the entire film. When you watch each of these guys, you feel like the film could just take off and start telling that person's story."

Barbossa's crew includes Isaac C. Singleton, Jr. as Bo'sun, Lee Arenberg as Pintel, and Mackenzie Crook as Pintel's cohort, Ragetti. Treva Etienne plays Koehler alongside his murderous partner, Twigg, portrayed by Michael Berry Jr. Trevor Goddard is Grapple and his sidekick, Mallot, is played by Brye Cooper.

Similar to the actors themselves, Barbossa's crew is an assembly of mischief-makers from all over the globe. A talented and fun group, they spent countless hours together on and off screen. "They were great. Every time I was on set, there were 20 pirates with me," explains Geoffrey Rush. "We were a kind of mad gang while shooting. A lot of these guys stayed together in one apartment block in the Caribbean. They lived like pirates."

Barbossa assembles his henchmen from the dangerous ports he visits and the mysterious islands he invades. They've floated up from all over the place: one character is from the Orient, another is from the Caribbean, one is from Dover and yet another is from West Africa-the list goes on and on. "Casting a group like this is akin to creating a bouillabaisse," continues Verbinski. "Each character is distinct and adds to the overall flavor.

"Because of the curse they're forced to live under, their frustration brings out a football-hooligan, glue-sniffing type of madness," he adds.

"Pintel and Ragetti are Laurel and Hardy on acid; they're dangerous villains, but you like them because they're funny," the director laughs. "Koehler and Twigg are a pair of assassins, and Mallot and Grapple round out the core. Bo'sun is Barbossa's first mate; he runs the ship. They're all demented in their own way."

Jack's crew is a sight more obscure. His intrepid team includes Kevin R. McNally as Joshamee Gibbs, David Bailie as Cotton (along with his better half, his parrot), and Zoe Saldana is Anamaria. "They're the dregs," says Verbinski. "It's like 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.' They're not about to kick any serious hiney or compete with Barbossa. They're just a great contrast to Barbossa's motley group."

For some inexplicable reason Norrington selects Lieutenant Gillette, played by actor Damian O'Hare, and a pair of bumbling subordinates, Mr. Mullroy and Mr. Murtogg, portrayed by Angus Barnett and Giles New, respectively. Although Barnett and New had never met before, the two actors clicked immediately and a comedy team was born.

Then, of course, there were the animal actors, who had their own special requirements. Barbossa's monkey is played by two identical Cabochon monkeys, a female and a male, whose naturally white faces had to be darkened with vegetable dye to make them look more evil and spooky.

"The monkey was sort of like my id," laughs Geoffrey Rush. "The monkey is actually the smartest person in the film, because he never loses sight of the goal. Everyone else has human frailty and betrayal and jealousy and vanity; but the monkey knows we need to get each and every last medallion back into that case." But the monkey had to do more than just spend time with Rush. Watching the actor at every stage as he got into his costume so that the animal understood that he was still working with Geoffrey, but just in character, was just one part of a very specific training process.

"I was trained to have no relationship with the monkey, even though on film it looks as though we actually have a deep, rather symbiotic rapport," explains Rush. "The monkey worked always with the trainer-she didn't care that I existed. I thought, great, my co-star is difficult!"

The parrot that sits on the shoulder of the mute pirate Cotton, played by David Bailie, was played by three birds: a sitter, a talker and a flyer. One of them was particularly fond of nibbling Bailie's ear because he liked the texture.

Days before the chartered flight was scheduled to leave Los Angeles, the production was stunned to learn that customs officials would not permit the parrots to travel to the Caribbean because of a deadly disease which had recently decimated the bird population in that part of the world, tainting their entire poultry industry as well. Although further contamination has been contained, the risk was too great to travel the production's feathered friends south.

Animal trainers Mark Harden and Ursula Brauner scrambled to locate even one bird already in the West Indies with similar color markings to their own. Animals, like humans, need time to build trust; therefore Harden sped up the bonding process as much as possible by holding the new bird non-stop, carrying him on his shoulder or forearm everywhere all day and night, stroking him and talking to him and soothing him continuously. It worked-Harden walked away with the talon scars and poop-covered shirts to prove it. Always good-natured and concerned for the animal, he didn't care because he's made a new friend.

HISTORY AND PIRATE SCHOOL

Despite the fact that "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl" is a tale of fantasy, the filmmakers were no less resolute in their quest to learn as much as they could about real pirates. To that end the studio hired respected historian Peter Twist. Twist is particularly interested in and knowledgeable about the years 1500 to 1900. He offered direction and advice, educating every department in production with general historical information: from customs of the day, to details regarding the style of dress and simple aspects of everyday life, to nautical minutiae and military history.

"A pirate is anybody who commits a crime on the high seas, so it's a very broad term," notes Twist. "Theft, destruction of property, anything like that done on open water qualifies as piracy." Although the pirate characters aren't based on any real pirates, the movie is "a compilation of a lot of the things that were done by real pirates, and pirate codes, and so it is fact based," he stresses.

"Piracy has been around since man first put to sea," asserts Twist. "Julius Caesar was captured by pirates, the histories of all ancient cultures refer to pirates, the Egyptians and so on. They've always existed.

"The original pirates operated as individuals, they were haphazard and undisciplined," he says. "Over time piracy became more sophisticated. For example, in a war a government would grant 'letters of mark' to people who would then go and attack the enemy's shipping. The sailors and the government would basically split the money, and this was quite legal." A great many ship owners and sailors found this a profitable way to make a living. so profitable that they would continue the practice after the war ended and it was no longer legal. "That's piracy," says Twist. The islands in the Caribbean were particularly valuable, he explains. "Aside from the gold and silver, the crops and the goods produced there were highly valued and well worth stealing. So it was a natural place for pirates to operate."

Twist says that the legendary pirate booty of buried treasure is simply a myth. "Buried treasure was something that virtually never happened. History tells us that typical pirates, after taking a prize, would divide the money and then head into a relatively pirate-friendly port for a drinking and womanizing binge that would make the Romans blush, so there was nothing left to bury."

The most famous pirates had "rather short and violent careers," according to Twist, "but they did amass huge amounts of money. It was the allure of the fast buck that made people turn to piracy."

Despite the live-fast, die-young reputation of pirates, Verbinski sees some moral ambiguity in their trade. "It's illustrated when you look at the core of what piracy is," says Verbinski. "Whose rules does society live by? Who are the people who created those rules? Are they simply rules created to keep the masses in their place and the ruling class in theirs? And ultimately for the pirate, what has he got to lose?"

The filmmakers made no secret about taking liberties with the time period in which their story takes place. "It's a fantasy, so we weren't married to any specific period," explains Bruckheimer, "but we did want to be true to the overall feel of the era. We paid particular attention to the years between 1720 and 1750 in an effort to find an approximation."

"I think it takes place roughly at the tail end of the Golden Age of Piracy, when the Morgans lived," Verbinski asserts. "Maybe the late 1720s. Barbossa is one of the last dregs of piracy that needs to be removed and consequently he's the most difficult to get rid of. So we come into a world where the myth of pirates is way ahead of the actual characters, which was fun to play with."

To maximize authenticity in the film, all of the actors playing pirates and some playing British naval officers spent weeks training with stunt coordinator George Marshall Ruge and his sword masters, Robert Anderson and Mark Ivie. Ruge originally met Anderson and Anderson's protégé, Ivie, while working on "The Mask of Zorro."

"Bob is a legendary sword master," says Ruge. "When he arrived in Los Angeles, the fight choreography was basically done, but I wanted the actors to have a chance to meet him and work with him just to give them that extra ten percent that only Bob can give because he's been doing it for 50 years. No one else has that expertise or spark. It was well worthwhile. Just the idea that the actors knew Bob's history and the fact that he's the best in the business, a legendary sword master, made them excited about training."

Any pirate worth his salt has the scars, and oft times a missing body part or two, to prove his prowess with a sword. For the actors portraying pirates, the sessions with the sword masters were crucial, something akin to "Pirate School 101."

Having starred in "Don Juan DeMarco" several years earlier, Johnny Depp had already received some training in the art of fencing. "I remembered the fencing I'd done as a total body workout," recalls Depp. "It's a beautiful sport, very balletic and precise. On this film, the sword work, putting the 'umph' into the attack, was much more involved. It was a lot more work and more moves to learn. Some of the fights felt like they lasted ten minutes. It was all about the choreography in those scenes, the words came later." As luck would have it, Orlando Bloom had already spent time with both Ruge and Anderson on "Lord of the Rings." "It was great to work with Bob again," says Bloom. "I'd done some fencing when I was in drama school in London, but working with someone as proficient as Bob is quite a different matter. I mean, this is the guy who trained Errol Flynn!

"I watched 'The Master of Ballantrae,' where he doubled Errol," Bloom continues. "It was awesome. What's so great about Bob is that he knows character; he understands the necessity of getting a fight to look slick and clean without losing the sense of character."

"Bob understood acting with the sword," agrees Geoffrey Rush, who primarily trained with a cutlass. "He said, 'Just because it gets faster doesn't mean it's better.' The beats in between and the games that you play eyeball to eyeball are just as important as fast, dazzling work. He was great to have around."

During Anderson's brief time with the actors, Ruge made certain he went over the fundamentals and imparted as much of his technical skill as possible. Learning to be a pirate was not only about imitating the swagger and demeanor of a brigand, it was a serious study in brandishing a boarding cutlass or rapier. "Pirates films are my favorite," says Anderson. "But modern fencing, like the competitions you see in the Olympic Games, is highly technical and very precise in its actions, unlike screen fighting which is choreographed in such a way that the combatants make the action as large as they can for the camera.

But whether it's ancient or modern swordplay, you start by learning to hold the sword properly and to manipulate it for attack and defense. And even though we use aluminum replicas, I'm religious about safety because working with any sword is dangerous. "Swordplay is a conversation," he explains.

"The opponents talk to each other with their blades. The style of fighting varies with each character. If I can make the sword work talk about what's happening in the script in the same way the dialogue conveys the story, then I feel I've succeeded."
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